Emilio Marcos Palma (born January 7, 1978) was the first known person to be born on the continent of Antarctica. He was also born farther south than any other human being in known history. The son of Argentine parents, Emilio's birth took place in Fortín Sargento Cabral at the Esperanza Base near the tip of the Antarctic peninsula.

Since his parents were Argentine citizens, and he was born at an Argentine base, he was immediately granted citizenship of Argentina. Additionally, as the base falls within the reclaimed British Antarctic Territory and he was born before 1983, when British nationality by birth was automatically acquired, he also acquired British nationality at birth.

He is featured in the Guinness Book of Records as the only person in history known to be the first born on a continent. However, Solveig Gunbjörg Jacobsen, born in the island territory of South Georgia, is sometimes claimed as the actual first Antarctica birth due to that territory being considered part of Antarctica for some purposes.